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mathematics
Siméon Denis Poisson’s Contributions to Mathematics

Siméon Denis Poisson’s Contributions to Mathematics

Harald Sack
On June 21, 1781, French mathematician, geometer, and physicist Siméon Denis Poisson was born. He is known known for his work on definite integrals, advances in Fourier series, electromagnetic theory, and probability, esp. the eponymous Poisson series, the Poisson integral and the Poisson equation from potential theory. His works also included applications to electricity and magnetism, and astronomy. Simeon Denis Poisson – The Youth of a Mathematician Poisson was born in Pithiviers, Loiret,…
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medical science
The Cathartic Method of Josef Breuer

The Cathartic Method of Josef Breuer

Tabea Tietz
On June 20, 1925, Austrian physician Josef Breuer passed away. Breuer made some of the key discoveries in neurophysiology. His work in the 1880s with a patient known as Anna O. developed the talking cure (cathartic method) and laid the foundation to psychoanalysis as developed by his protégé Sigmund Freud.[5] “…much will be gained if we succeed in transforming your hysterical misery into common unhappiness. With a mental life that has been…
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psychology
James Braid – Gentleman Scientist and Hypnotist

James Braid – Gentleman Scientist and Hypnotist

Harald Sack
On June 19, 1795, Scottish surgeon and “gentleman scientist” James Braid was born. Braid was a significant innovator in the treatment of club-foot and an important and influential pioneer of hypnotism and hypnotherapy. He is regarded by many as the first genuine “hypnotherapist” and the “Father of Modern Hypnotism“. James Braid – Early Years Braid was born the third son, and the seventh and youngest child, of James Braid and Anne Suttie,…
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astronomy
Alan Sandage and the Discovery of the Quasars

Alan Sandage and the Discovery of the Quasars

Tabea Tietz
On June 18, 1926, American astronomer Allan Rex Sandage was born. Sandage determined the first reasonably accurate values for the Hubble constant and the age of the universe. Foremost, he is also credited with the discovery of the 3C 48 quasar, i.e. quasi-stellar radio sources which are the most energetic and distant members of a class of objects called active galactic nuclei. The Discovery of Quasars Between 1917 and 1922, it became…
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physics
Sir William Crookes and the Fundamentals of Luminescence

Sir William Crookes and the Fundamentals of Luminescence

Harald Sack
On June 17, 1832, British physicist, chemist, science journalist, and parapsychologist Sir William Crookes was born. Crookes visualized cathode rays, discovered the fundamentals of luminescence and isotopes, and developed methods for detecting ionizing radiation. He discovered the chemical element thallium and the thorium isotope 234Th. William Crookes – Biographical Background William Crookes was born in London, the eldest son of the second wife of Joseph Crookes, a very wealthy tailor. He attended…
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engineering
Henry Ford and the Ford Motor Company

Henry Ford and the Ford Motor Company

Harald Sack
On June 16, 1903, American entrepreneur Henry Ford founded the Ford Motor Company with $28,000 capital. It was not Henry Ford’s first attempt to build up a car company. In 1901 already he founded the Henri Ford Company, which became the Cadillac Motor Company on August 22, 1902, after Ford left with the rights to his name. Henry Ford was 39 years old when he founded the Ford Motor Company, which would go…
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computer science
Herbert A. Simon and the Science of Decision Making

Herbert A. Simon and the Science of Decision Making

Harald Sack
On June 15, 1916, American political scientist, economist, sociologist, psychologist, and computer scientist Herbert Alexander Simon was born. Simon was among the founding fathers of several of today’s important scientific domains, including artificial intelligence, information processing, decision-making, problem-solving, organization theory, complex systems, and computer simulation of scientific discovery. With almost a thousand highly cited publications, he was one of the most influential social scientists of the 20th century. “(If) there were no…
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mathematics
Andrey Markov and the Markov Chains

Andrey Markov and the Markov Chains

Harald Sack
On June 14, 1856, Russian mathematician Andrey (Andrei) Andreyevich Markov was born. He is best known for his work on stochastic processes. A primary subject of his research later became known as Markov chains and Markov processes, i.e. sequences of random variables in which the future variable is determined by the present variable but is independent of the way in which the present state arose from its predecessors. Markov Chains I guess, as…
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literature
William Butler Yeats and Modern English Literature

William Butler Yeats and Modern English Literature

Harald Sack
On June 13, 1865, Irish poet William Butler Yeats was born. Yeats was a driving force behind the Irish Literary Revival and has become one of the foremost figures of 20th century literature. In 1923 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. “Words are always getting conventionalized to some secondary meaning. It is one of the works of poetry to take the truants in custody and bring them back to their…
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communication
Oliver Lodge and the Development of Radio Technology

Oliver Lodge and the Development of Radio Technology

Tabea Tietz
On June 12, 1851, British physicist Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge was born. Lodge was involved in the development of, and holder of key patents for radio. He identified electromagnetic radiation independent of Hertz‘ proof and at his 1894 Royal Institution lectures, Lodge demonstrated an early radio wave detector he named the “coherer“.[4] “Men of Science would do well to talk plain English. The most abstruse questions can very well be discussed in our…
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